feat: 配置变量系统与 target id/name 双字段标识

- 新增顶层 variables 段支持 string/number/boolean 字面量
- target 字符串字段支持 、、{...} 转义语法
- 变量解析优先级: variables -> process.env -> 默认值 -> 报错
- 完整引用保留原始类型，部分引用拼接为字符串
- 变量替换在 YAML 解析后、AJV 校验前执行
- 替换仅作用于 targets，跳过 id/type 字段
- target 新增必填 id 字段作为唯一标识，name 改为可选展示名称
- 数据库存储/API/前端全面迁移到 id 标识
- 统一 checker 运行时类型检查为 es-toolkit predicates
- 同步 delta specs 到主 specs，归档 config-variables 变更

src/server/checker/config-loader.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import { isNumber, isPlainObject, isString } from "es-toolkit";
+import { isArray } from "es-toolkit/compat";
 import { dirname, resolve } from "node:path";
 
 import type { ConfigValidationIssue } from "./schema/issues";
@@ -8,6 +10,7 @@ import { issue, throwConfigIssues } from "./schema/issues";
 import { asValidatedConfig, type RawProbeConfig } from "./schema/types";
 import { validateProbeConfigContract } from "./schema/validate";
 import { parseDuration } from "./utils";
+import { resolveVariables } from "./variables";
 
 const DEFAULT_HOST = "127.0.0.1";
 const DEFAULT_PORT = 3000;
@@ -41,11 +44,17 @@ export async function loadConfig(configPath: string): Promise<ResolvedConfig> {
     throw new Error("配置文件内容为空或格式无效");
   }
 
-  const contractResult = validateProbeConfigContract(parsed, checkerRegistry);
-  if (contractResult.config === null && !canRunSemanticValidation(parsed)) {
+  const variableResult = resolveVariables(parsed);
+  if (variableResult.issues.length > 0) {
+    throwConfigIssues(dedupeIssues(variableResult.issues));
+  }
+
+  const resolvedVariablesConfig = variableResult.config;
+  const contractResult = validateProbeConfigContract(resolvedVariablesConfig, checkerRegistry);
+  if (contractResult.config === null && !canRunSemanticValidation(resolvedVariablesConfig)) {
     throwConfigIssues(contractResult.issues);
   }
-  const semanticInput = (contractResult.config ?? parsed) as RawProbeConfig;
+  const semanticInput = (contractResult.config ?? resolvedVariablesConfig) as RawProbeConfig;
   const validationIssues = validateConfig(semanticInput);
 
   const allIssues = [...contractResult.issues, ...validationIssues];
@@ -88,14 +97,14 @@ export async function loadConfig(configPath: string): Promise<ResolvedConfig> {
 }
 
 function canRunSemanticValidation(value: unknown): boolean {
-  return typeof value === "object" && value !== null;
+  return isPlainObject(value);
 }
 
 function dedupeIssues(issues: ConfigValidationIssue[]): ConfigValidationIssue[] {
   const seen = new Set<string>();
   const result: ConfigValidationIssue[] = [];
   for (const item of issues) {
-    const key = `${item.code}:${item.path}:${item.message}:${item.targetName ?? ""}`;
+    const key = `${item.code}:${item.path}:${item.message}:${item.targetName ?? ""}:${item.targetId ?? ""}`;
     if (seen.has(key)) continue;
     seen.add(key);
     result.push(item);
@@ -103,16 +112,12 @@ function dedupeIssues(issues: ConfigValidationIssue[]): ConfigValidationIssue[]
   return result;
 }
 
-function isRecord(value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> {
-  return typeof value === "object" && value !== null && !Array.isArray(value);
-}
-
 export { parseDuration } from "./utils";
 
 function resolveMaxConcurrentChecks(runtime: EngineRuntimeConfig): number {
   if (runtime.maxConcurrentChecks === undefined) return DEFAULT_MAX_CONCURRENT_CHECKS;
   if (
-    typeof runtime.maxConcurrentChecks !== "number" ||
+    !isNumber(runtime.maxConcurrentChecks) ||
     !Number.isInteger(runtime.maxConcurrentChecks) ||
     runtime.maxConcurrentChecks <= 0
   )
@@ -145,29 +150,36 @@ function resolveTarget(
 
 function validateConfig(config: RawProbeConfig): ConfigValidationIssue[] {
   const issues: ConfigValidationIssue[] = [];
-  if (!Array.isArray(config.targets) || config.targets.length === 0) {
+  if (!isArray(config.targets) || config.targets.length === 0) {
     issues.push(issue("required", "targets", "配置文件必须包含至少一个 target"));
     return issues;
   }
-  const names = new Set<string>();
+  const ids = new Set<string>();
   const supportedTypes = checkerRegistry.supportedTypes;
 
   for (let i = 0; i < config.targets.length; i++) {
     const rawTarget = config.targets[i] as unknown;
-    if (!isRecord(rawTarget)) {
+    if (!isPlainObject(rawTarget)) {
       issues.push(issue("invalid-type", `targets[${i}]`, "必须为对象"));
       continue;
     }
-    const raw = rawTarget;
+    const raw = rawTarget as Record<string, unknown>;
 
-    const name = raw["name"];
-    if (!name || typeof name !== "string" || name.trim() === "") {
-      issues.push(issue("required", `targets[${i}].name`, "缺少 name 字段"));
+    const id: unknown = raw["id"];
+    if (!isString(id) || id.trim() === "") {
+      issues.push(issue("required", `targets[${i}].id`, "缺少 id 字段"));
       continue;
     }
 
-    const type = raw["type"];
-    if (!type || typeof type !== "string") {
+    if (!/^[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9_-]*$/.test(id)) {
+      issues.push(issue("invalid-format", `targets[${i}].id`, "id 不符合命名规则", id));
+    }
+
+    const nameValue: unknown = raw["name"];
+    const name = isString(nameValue) ? nameValue : id;
+
+    const type: unknown = raw["type"];
+    if (!isString(type)) {
       issues.push(issue("required", `targets[${i}].type`, "缺少 type 字段", name));
       continue;
     }
@@ -183,16 +195,16 @@ function validateConfig(config: RawProbeConfig): ConfigValidationIssue[] {
       );
     }
 
-    const group = raw["group"];
-    if (group !== undefined && typeof group !== "string") {
+    const group: unknown = raw["group"];
+    if (group !== undefined && !isString(group)) {
       issues.push(issue("invalid-type", `targets[${i}].group`, "必须为字符串", name));
     }
 
-    if (names.has(name)) {
-      issues.push(issue("duplicate-name", `targets[${i}].name`, `target name 重复: "${name}"`, name));
+    if (ids.has(id)) {
+      issues.push(issue("duplicate-id", `targets[${i}].id`, `target id 重复: "${id}"`, name));
     }
 
-    names.add(name);
+    ids.add(id);
   }
 
   for (const checker of checkerRegistry.definitions) {
@@ -202,22 +214,29 @@ function validateConfig(config: RawProbeConfig): ConfigValidationIssue[] {
   validateDurationValue(config.defaults?.interval, "defaults.interval", issues);
   validateDurationValue(config.defaults?.timeout, "defaults.timeout", issues);
   validateDurationValue(
-    typeof config.runtime?.retention === "string" ? config.runtime.retention : undefined,
+    isString(config.runtime?.retention) ? config.runtime.retention : undefined,
     "runtime.retention",
     issues,
   );
   for (let i = 0; i < config.targets.length; i++) {
     const target = config.targets[i] as unknown;
-    if (!isRecord(target)) continue;
-    const targetName = typeof target["name"] === "string" ? target["name"] : undefined;
+    if (!isPlainObject(target)) continue;
+    const targetRecord = target as Record<string, unknown>;
+    const targetNameValue: unknown = targetRecord["name"];
+    const targetIdValue: unknown = targetRecord["id"];
+    const targetName = isString(targetNameValue)
+      ? targetNameValue
+      : isString(targetIdValue)
+        ? targetIdValue
+        : undefined;
     validateDurationValue(
-      typeof target["interval"] === "string" ? target["interval"] : undefined,
+      isString(targetRecord["interval"]) ? targetRecord["interval"] : undefined,
       `targets[${i}].interval`,
       issues,
       targetName,
     );
     validateDurationValue(
-      typeof target["timeout"] === "string" ? target["timeout"] : undefined,
+      isString(targetRecord["timeout"]) ? targetRecord["timeout"] : undefined,
       `targets[${i}].timeout`,
       issues,
       targetName,