feat: 重构为多类型 checker 通用框架，支持 HTTP 与命令检查

- 引入 typed target 判别联合，支持 http 与 command 两种 checker
- expect 重构为有序规则数组，按配置顺序快速失败并生成结构化 failure
- 新增 command runner，支持 exec + args 本地命令执行
- 引入全局并发限制 maxConcurrentChecks 和 size 解析 (KB/MB/GB)
- HTTP/command 各自独立 expect pipeline，应用领域默认成功语义
- SQLite schema、API、Dashboard 全链路调整为 checker 通用契约
- 补充完整测试覆盖（192 tests），更新 README 与示例配置

src/server/checker/body-expect.ts

@@ -1,188 +0,0 @@
-import type { BodyExpectConfig, CssExpect, ExpectOperator, ExpectValue } from "./types";
-import * as cheerio from "cheerio";
-import * as xpath from "xpath";
-import { DOMParser } from "@xmldom/xmldom";
-
-const isObject = (v: unknown): v is Record<string, unknown> => v !== null && typeof v === "object" && !Array.isArray(v);
-
-export function evaluateJsonPath(json: unknown, path: string): unknown {
-  if (!path.startsWith("$.")) return undefined;
-
-  const segments = path.slice(2).split(".");
-  let current: unknown = json;
-
-  for (const seg of segments) {
-    const bracketMatch = /^(.+?)\[(\d+)\]$/.exec(seg);
-    if (bracketMatch) {
-      current = (current as Record<string, unknown>)?.[bracketMatch[1]!];
-      const idx = parseInt(bracketMatch[2]!, 10);
-      if (!Array.isArray(current) || idx >= current.length) return undefined;
-      current = current[idx];
-    } else {
-      if (current === null || current === undefined) return undefined;
-      current = (current as Record<string, unknown>)[seg];
-    }
-  }
-
-  return current;
-}
-
-export function applyOperator(actual: unknown, op: ExpectOperator): boolean {
-  for (const [key, expected] of Object.entries(op)) {
-    if (expected === undefined) continue;
-
-    switch (key) {
-      case "equals":
-        if (actual !== expected) return false;
-        break;
-      case "contains":
-        if (!String(actual).includes(expected as string)) return false;
-        break;
-      case "match":
-        if (!new RegExp(expected as string).test(String(actual))) return false;
-        break;
-      case "empty": {
-        const isEmpty =
-          actual === null ||
-          actual === undefined ||
-          actual === "" ||
-          (Array.isArray(actual) && actual.length === 0) ||
-          (typeof actual === "object" && Object.keys(actual as object).length === 0);
-        if (expected !== isEmpty) return false;
-        break;
-      }
-      case "exists":
-        if (expected) {
-          if (actual === undefined) return false;
-        } else {
-          if (actual !== undefined) return false;
-        }
-        break;
-      case "gte":
-        if (!(Number(actual) >= (expected as number))) return false;
-        break;
-      case "lte":
-        if (!(Number(actual) <= (expected as number))) return false;
-        break;
-      case "gt":
-        if (!(Number(actual) > (expected as number))) return false;
-        break;
-      case "lt":
-        if (!(Number(actual) < (expected as number))) return false;
-        break;
-    }
-  }
-
-  return true;
-}
-
-function checkExpectValue(actual: unknown, expected: ExpectValue): boolean {
-  if (isObject(expected)) {
-    return applyOperator(actual, expected as ExpectOperator);
-  }
-  return applyOperator(actual, { equals: expected as string | number | boolean | null });
-}
-
-function checkBodyContains(body: string, contains: string): boolean {
-  return body.includes(contains);
-}
-
-function checkBodyRegex(body: string, regex: string): boolean {
-  return new RegExp(regex).test(body);
-}
-
-function checkBodyJson(body: string, rules: Record<string, ExpectValue>): boolean {
-  let json: unknown;
-  try {
-    json = JSON.parse(body);
-  } catch {
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  for (const [path, expected] of Object.entries(rules)) {
-    const actual = evaluateJsonPath(json, path);
-    if (!checkExpectValue(actual, expected)) return false;
-  }
-
-  return true;
-}
-
-function checkBodyCss(body: string, rules: Record<string, CssExpect>): boolean {
-  let $: cheerio.CheerioAPI;
-  try {
-    $ = cheerio.load(body);
-  } catch {
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  for (const [selector, expected] of Object.entries(rules)) {
-    if (!checkCssRule($, selector, expected)) return false;
-  }
-
-  return true;
-}
-
-function checkCssRule($: cheerio.CheerioAPI, selector: string, expected: CssExpect): boolean {
-  if (!isObject(expected)) {
-    const el = $(selector);
-    return el.length > 0 && el.text() === String(expected);
-  }
-
-  const rule = expected as ExpectOperator & { attr?: string };
-  const { attr, ...operators } = rule;
-  const opKeys = Object.keys(operators);
-
-  if (opKeys.length === 0) {
-    if (attr !== undefined) {
-      return $(selector).attr(attr) !== undefined;
-    }
-    return $(selector).length > 0;
-  }
-
-  if (operators.exists === true) {
-    return $(selector).length > 0;
-  }
-  if (operators.exists === false) {
-    return $(selector).length === 0;
-  }
-
-  const el = $(selector);
-  if (el.length === 0) return false;
-
-  const actual = attr ? el.attr(attr) : el.text();
-  return applyOperator(actual ?? "", operators);
-}
-
-function checkBodyXpath(body: string, rules: Record<string, ExpectValue>): boolean {
-  let doc: ReturnType<DOMParser["parseFromString"]>;
-  try {
-    doc = new DOMParser().parseFromString(body, "text/xml");
-  } catch {
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  for (const [path, expected] of Object.entries(rules)) {
-    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
-    const nodes = xpath.select(path, doc as any);
-    if (!nodes || !Array.isArray(nodes) || nodes.length === 0) return false;
-
-    const node = nodes[0]!;
-    const actual = node.nodeValue ?? (node as unknown as Element).textContent ?? "";
-
-    if (!checkExpectValue(actual, expected)) return false;
-  }
-
-  return true;
-}
-
-export function checkBodyExpect(body: string, config?: BodyExpectConfig): boolean {
-  if (!config) return true;
-
-  if (config.contains !== undefined && !checkBodyContains(body, config.contains)) return false;
-  if (config.regex !== undefined && !checkBodyRegex(body, config.regex)) return false;
-  if (config.json !== undefined && !checkBodyJson(body, config.json)) return false;
-  if (config.css !== undefined && !checkBodyCss(body, config.css)) return false;
-  if (config.xpath !== undefined && !checkBodyXpath(body, config.xpath)) return false;
-
-  return true;
-}

src/server/checker/command-runner.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+import type { CheckResult, ResolvedCommandTarget } from "./types";
+import { checkCommandExpect } from "./expect/command";
+import { errorFailure } from "./expect/failure";
+
+async function readOutput(
+  stdout: ReadableStream<Uint8Array>,
+  stderr: ReadableStream<Uint8Array>,
+  kill: () => void,
+  maxBytes: number,
+): Promise<{ stdout: string; stderr: string; exceeded: boolean }> {
+  let totalBytes = 0;
+  let exceeded = false;
+  let killed = false;
+
+  async function readStream(stream: ReadableStream<Uint8Array>): Promise<string> {
+    const reader = stream.getReader();
+    const decoder = new TextDecoder();
+    let text = "";
+
+    try {
+      while (true) {
+        const { done, value } = await reader.read();
+        if (done) break;
+        totalBytes += value.byteLength;
+        text += decoder.decode(value, { stream: true });
+        if (totalBytes > maxBytes && !killed) {
+          exceeded = true;
+          killed = true;
+          try {
+            kill();
+          } catch {
+            /* best-effort kill */
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    } catch {
+      /* stream already closed */
+    } finally {
+      try {
+        reader.releaseLock();
+      } catch {
+        /* already released */
+      }
+    }
+
+    return text;
+  }
+
+  const [out, err] = await Promise.all([readStream(stdout), readStream(stderr)]);
+
+  return { stdout: out, stderr: err, exceeded };
+}
+
+export async function runCommandCheck(target: ResolvedCommandTarget): Promise<CheckResult> {
+  const timestamp = new Date().toISOString();
+  const start = performance.now();
+
+  let proc: ReturnType<typeof Bun.spawn>;
+
+  try {
+    proc = Bun.spawn([target.command.exec, ...target.command.args], {
+      cwd: target.command.cwd,
+      env: target.command.env,
+      stdout: "pipe",
+      stderr: "pipe",
+    });
+  } catch (error) {
+    const durationMs = Math.round(performance.now() - start);
+    return {
+      targetName: target.name,
+      timestamp,
+      success: false,
+      matched: false,
+      durationMs,
+      statusDetail: null,
+      failure: errorFailure("exitCode", "spawn", error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)),
+    };
+  }
+
+  let timedOut = false;
+  const timeoutId = setTimeout(() => {
+    timedOut = true;
+    try {
+      proc.kill();
+    } catch {
+      /* best-effort kill */
+    }
+  }, target.timeoutMs);
+
+  let outputResult: { stdout: string; stderr: string; exceeded: boolean };
+
+  try {
+    outputResult = await readOutput(
+      proc.stdout as ReadableStream<Uint8Array>,
+      proc.stderr as ReadableStream<Uint8Array>,
+      () => proc.kill(),
+      target.command.maxOutputBytes,
+    );
+  } catch {
+    clearTimeout(timeoutId);
+    const durationMs = Math.round(performance.now() - start);
+    return {
+      targetName: target.name,
+      timestamp,
+      success: false,
+      matched: false,
+      durationMs,
+      statusDetail: null,
+      failure: errorFailure("exitCode", "execution", "输出读取失败"),
+    };
+  }
+
+  await proc.exited;
+  clearTimeout(timeoutId);
+
+  const durationMs = Math.round(performance.now() - start);
+  const exitCode = proc.exitCode ?? 1;
+
+  if (outputResult.exceeded) {
+    return {
+      targetName: target.name,
+      timestamp,
+      success: false,
+      matched: false,
+      durationMs,
+      statusDetail: `exitCode=${exitCode}`,
+      failure: errorFailure("exitCode", "output", `输出超过限制 ${target.command.maxOutputBytes} 字节`),
+    };
+  }
+
+  if (timedOut) {
+    return {
+      targetName: target.name,
+      timestamp,
+      success: false,
+      matched: false,
+      durationMs,
+      statusDetail: null,
+      failure: errorFailure("exitCode", "timeout", `命令执行超时 (${target.timeoutMs}ms)`),
+    };
+  }
+
+  const obs = { exitCode, stdout: outputResult.stdout, stderr: outputResult.stderr, durationMs };
+  const expectResult = checkCommandExpect(obs, target.expect);
+
+  return {
+    targetName: target.name,
+    timestamp,
+    success: expectResult.matched,
+    matched: expectResult.matched,
+    durationMs,
+    statusDetail: `exitCode=${exitCode}`,
+    failure: expectResult.failure,
+  };
+}

src/server/checker/config-loader.ts

@@ -1,16 +1,39 @@
-import type { ProbeConfig, ResolvedTarget } from "./types";
+import type {
+  CommandDefaultsConfig,
+  CommandTargetConfig,
+  DefaultsConfig,
+  HttpDefaultsConfig,
+  HttpExpectConfig,
+  HttpTargetConfig,
+  ProbeConfig,
+  ResolvedCommandTarget,
+  ResolvedHttpTarget,
+  ResolvedTarget,
+  RuntimeConfig,
+  TargetConfig,
+  TargetType,
+} from "./types";
+import { parseSize } from "./size";
+import { resolve } from "node:path";
+import { dirname } from "node:path";
 
 const DEFAULT_HOST = "127.0.0.1";
 const DEFAULT_PORT = 3000;
 const DEFAULT_DATA_DIR = "./data";
 const DEFAULT_INTERVAL = "30s";
 const DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = "10s";
-const DEFAULT_METHOD = "GET";
+const DEFAULT_HTTP_METHOD = "GET";
+const DEFAULT_MAX_BODY_BYTES = "100MB";
+const DEFAULT_MAX_OUTPUT_BYTES = "100MB";
+const DEFAULT_MAX_CONCURRENT_CHECKS = 20;
+const SUPPORTED_TYPES: TargetType[] = ["http", "command"];
 
 export interface ResolvedConfig {
   host: string;
   port: number;
   dataDir: string;
+  configDir: string;
+  maxConcurrentChecks: number;
   targets: ResolvedTarget[];
 }
 
@@ -30,7 +53,9 @@ export async function loadConfig(configPath: string): Promise<ResolvedConfig> {
 
   validateConfig(raw);
 
+  const configDir = dirname(resolve(configPath));
   const server = raw.server ?? {};
+  const runtime = raw.runtime ?? {};
   const defaults = raw.defaults ?? {};
 
   const host = server.host ?? DEFAULT_HOST;
@@ -41,23 +66,102 @@ export async function loadConfig(configPath: string): Promise<ResolvedConfig> {
     throw new Error(`无效端口号: ${port}，需要 0-65535 之间的整数`);
   }
 
+  const maxConcurrentChecks = validateRuntime(runtime);
   const defaultIntervalMs = parseDuration(defaults.interval ?? DEFAULT_INTERVAL);
   const defaultTimeoutMs = parseDuration(defaults.timeout ?? DEFAULT_TIMEOUT);
-  const defaultMethod = defaults.method ?? DEFAULT_METHOD;
-  const defaultHeaders = defaults.headers ?? {};
 
-  const targets: ResolvedTarget[] = raw.targets.map((target) => ({
+  const targets: ResolvedTarget[] = raw.targets.map((target) =>
+    resolveTarget(target, defaults, defaultIntervalMs, defaultTimeoutMs, configDir),
+  );
+
+  return { host, port, dataDir, configDir, maxConcurrentChecks, targets };
+}
+
+function validateRuntime(runtime: RuntimeConfig): number {
+  if (runtime.maxConcurrentChecks === undefined) return DEFAULT_MAX_CONCURRENT_CHECKS;
+
+  if (
+    typeof runtime.maxConcurrentChecks !== "number" ||
+    !Number.isInteger(runtime.maxConcurrentChecks) ||
+    runtime.maxConcurrentChecks <= 0
+  ) {
+    throw new Error("runtime.maxConcurrentChecks 必须为正整数");
+  }
+
+  return runtime.maxConcurrentChecks;
+}
+
+function resolveTarget(
+  target: TargetConfig,
+  defaults: DefaultsConfig,
+  defaultIntervalMs: number,
+  defaultTimeoutMs: number,
+  configDir: string,
+): ResolvedTarget {
+  const intervalMs = parseDuration(target.interval ?? defaults.interval ?? DEFAULT_INTERVAL);
+  const timeoutMs = parseDuration(target.timeout ?? defaults.timeout ?? DEFAULT_TIMEOUT);
+
+  if (target.type === "http") {
+    return resolveHttpTarget(target, defaults.http, intervalMs, timeoutMs);
+  }
+
+  return resolveCommandTarget(target, defaults.command, intervalMs, timeoutMs, configDir);
+}
+
+function resolveHttpTarget(
+  target: TargetConfig & { type: "http"; http: HttpTargetConfig },
+  httpDefaults: HttpDefaultsConfig | undefined,
+  intervalMs: number,
+  timeoutMs: number,
+): ResolvedHttpTarget {
+  const maxBodyBytes = parseSize(target.http.maxBodyBytes ?? httpDefaults?.maxBodyBytes ?? DEFAULT_MAX_BODY_BYTES);
+
+  return {
+    type: "http",
     name: target.name,
-    url: target.url,
-    method: target.method ?? defaultMethod,
-    headers: { ...defaultHeaders, ...(target.headers ?? {}) },
-    body: target.body,
-    intervalMs: parseDuration(target.interval ?? defaults.interval ?? DEFAULT_INTERVAL),
-    timeoutMs: parseDuration(target.timeout ?? defaults.timeout ?? DEFAULT_TIMEOUT),
-    expect: target.expect,
-  }));
+    http: {
+      url: target.http.url,
+      method: target.http.method ?? httpDefaults?.method ?? DEFAULT_HTTP_METHOD,
+      headers: { ...(httpDefaults?.headers ?? {}), ...(target.http.headers ?? {}) },
+      body: target.http.body,
+      maxBodyBytes,
+    },
+    intervalMs,
+    timeoutMs,
+    expect: target.expect as HttpExpectConfig | undefined,
+  };
+}
 
-  return { host, port, dataDir, targets };
+function resolveCommandTarget(
+  target: TargetConfig & { type: "command"; command: CommandTargetConfig },
+  commandDefaults: CommandDefaultsConfig | undefined,
+  intervalMs: number,
+  timeoutMs: number,
+  configDir: string,
+): ResolvedCommandTarget {
+  const cwd = target.command.cwd ?? commandDefaults?.cwd ?? ".";
+  const resolvedCwd = resolve(configDir, cwd);
+
+  const maxOutputBytes = parseSize(
+    target.command.maxOutputBytes ?? commandDefaults?.maxOutputBytes ?? DEFAULT_MAX_OUTPUT_BYTES,
+  );
+
+  const env = { ...process.env, ...(target.command.env ?? {}) } as Record<string, string>;
+
+  return {
+    type: "command",
+    name: target.name,
+    command: {
+      exec: target.command.exec,
+      args: target.command.args ?? [],
+      cwd: resolvedCwd,
+      env,
+      maxOutputBytes,
+    },
+    intervalMs,
+    timeoutMs,
+    expect: target.expect as import("./types").CommandExpectConfig | undefined,
+  };
 }
 
 function validateConfig(config: ProbeConfig): void {
@@ -68,21 +172,41 @@ function validateConfig(config: ProbeConfig): void {
   const names = new Set<string>();
 
   for (let i = 0; i < config.targets.length; i++) {
-    const target = config.targets[i]!;
+    const raw = config.targets[i] as unknown as Record<string, unknown>;
 
-    if (!target.name || typeof target.name !== "string" || target.name.trim() === "") {
+    const name = raw["name"];
+    if (!name || typeof name !== "string" || (name as string).trim() === "") {
       throw new Error(`第 ${i + 1} 个 target 缺少 name 字段`);
     }
 
-    if (!target.url || typeof target.url !== "string" || target.url.trim() === "") {
-      throw new Error(`target "${target.name}" 缺少 url 字段`);
+    const type = raw["type"];
+    if (!type || typeof type !== "string") {
+      throw new Error(`target "${name}" 缺少 type 字段`);
     }
 
-    if (names.has(target.name)) {
-      throw new Error(`target name 重复: "${target.name}"`);
+    if (!SUPPORTED_TYPES.includes(type as TargetType)) {
+      throw new Error(`target "${name}" 使用不支持的 type: "${type}"，支持: ${SUPPORTED_TYPES.join(", ")}`);
     }
 
-    names.add(target.name);
+    if (type === "http") {
+      const http = raw["http"] as Record<string, unknown> | undefined;
+      if (!http?.["url"] || typeof http["url"] !== "string" || (http["url"] as string).trim() === "") {
+        throw new Error(`target "${name}" 缺少 http.url 字段`);
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (type === "command") {
+      const cmd = raw["command"] as Record<string, unknown> | undefined;
+      if (!cmd?.["exec"] || typeof cmd["exec"] !== "string" || (cmd["exec"] as string).trim() === "") {
+        throw new Error(`target "${name}" 缺少 command.exec 字段`);
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (names.has(name as string)) {
+      throw new Error(`target name 重复: "${name}"`);
+    }
+
+    names.add(name as string);
   }
 }
 
@@ -90,7 +214,6 @@ const DURATION_REGEX = /^(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)(ms|s|m)$/;
 
 export function parseDuration(value: string): number {
   const match = DURATION_REGEX.exec(value);
-
   if (!match) {
     throw new Error(`无效的时长格式: "${value}"，支持格式如 "30s"、"5m"、"500ms"`);
   }

src/server/checker/engine.ts

@@ -1,15 +1,21 @@
 import type { CheckResult, ResolvedTarget } from "./types";
 import type { ProbeStore } from "./store";
-import { fetchTarget } from "./fetcher";
+import { runHttpCheck } from "./fetcher";
+import { runCommandCheck } from "./command-runner";
 
 export class ProbeEngine {
   private timers: ReturnType<typeof setInterval>[] = [];
   private store: ProbeStore;
+  private targets: ResolvedTarget[];
   private targetNameToId: Map<string, number> = new Map();
+  private maxConcurrentChecks: number;
+  private running = 0;
+  private queue: Array<() => void> = [];
 
-  constructor(store: ProbeStore, targets: ResolvedTarget[]) {
+  constructor(store: ProbeStore, targets: ResolvedTarget[], maxConcurrentChecks?: number) {
     this.store = store;
     this.targets = targets;
+    this.maxConcurrentChecks = maxConcurrentChecks ?? 10;
     this.refreshCache();
   }
 
@@ -46,8 +52,36 @@ export class ProbeEngine {
     return groups;
   }
 
+  private async acquire(): Promise<void> {
+    if (this.running < this.maxConcurrentChecks) {
+      this.running++;
+      return;
+    }
+    return new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+      this.queue.push(resolve);
+    });
+  }
+
+  private release(): void {
+    const next = this.queue.shift();
+    if (next) {
+      next();
+    } else {
+      this.running--;
+    }
+  }
+
   private async probeGroup(targets: ResolvedTarget[]): Promise<void> {
-    const results = await Promise.allSettled(targets.map((t) => this.probeOne(t)));
+    const results = await Promise.allSettled(
+      targets.map(async (target) => {
+        await this.acquire();
+        try {
+          return await this.runCheck(target);
+        } finally {
+          this.release();
+        }
+      }),
+    );
 
     for (const result of results) {
       if (result.status === "fulfilled") {
@@ -56,23 +90,27 @@ export class ProbeEngine {
     }
   }
 
-  private async probeOne(target: ResolvedTarget): Promise<CheckResult> {
-    return fetchTarget(target);
+  private async runCheck(target: ResolvedTarget): Promise<CheckResult> {
+    switch (target.type) {
+      case "http":
+        return runHttpCheck(target);
+      case "command":
+        return runCommandCheck(target);
+    }
   }
 
   private writeResult(result: CheckResult): void {
     const targetId = this.targetNameToId.get(result.targetName);
-
     if (!targetId) return;
 
     this.store.insertCheckResult({
       targetId,
       timestamp: result.timestamp,
       success: result.success,
-      statusCode: result.statusCode,
-      latencyMs: result.latencyMs,
-      error: result.error,
       matched: result.matched,
+      durationMs: result.durationMs,
+      statusDetail: result.statusDetail,
+      failure: result.failure,
     });
   }
 
@@ -82,6 +120,4 @@ export class ProbeEngine {
       this.targetNameToId.set(target.name, target.id);
     }
   }
-
-  private targets: ResolvedTarget[];
 }

src/server/checker/expect/body.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,302 @@
+import type { BodyRule, CheckFailure, CssRule, ExpectOperator, ExpectValue, JsonRule, XpathRule } from "../types";
+import * as cheerio from "cheerio";
+import * as xpath from "xpath";
+import { DOMParser } from "@xmldom/xmldom";
+import { mismatchFailure, errorFailure } from "./failure";
+
+const isObject = (v: unknown): v is Record<string, unknown> => v !== null && typeof v === "object" && !Array.isArray(v);
+
+export function evaluateJsonPath(json: unknown, path: string): unknown {
+  if (!path.startsWith("$.")) return undefined;
+
+  const segments = path.slice(2).split(".");
+  let current: unknown = json;
+
+  for (const seg of segments) {
+    const bracketMatch = /^(.+?)\[(\d+)\]$/.exec(seg);
+    if (bracketMatch) {
+      current = (current as Record<string, unknown>)?.[bracketMatch[1]!];
+      const idx = parseInt(bracketMatch[2]!, 10);
+      if (!Array.isArray(current) || idx >= current.length) return undefined;
+      current = current[idx];
+    } else {
+      if (current === null || current === undefined) return undefined;
+      current = (current as Record<string, unknown>)[seg];
+    }
+  }
+
+  return current;
+}
+
+export function applyOperator(actual: unknown, op: ExpectOperator): boolean {
+  for (const [key, expected] of Object.entries(op)) {
+    if (expected === undefined) continue;
+
+    switch (key) {
+      case "equals":
+        if (actual !== expected) return false;
+        break;
+      case "contains":
+        if (!String(actual).includes(expected as string)) return false;
+        break;
+      case "match":
+        if (!new RegExp(expected as string).test(String(actual))) return false;
+        break;
+      case "empty": {
+        const isEmpty =
+          actual === null ||
+          actual === undefined ||
+          actual === "" ||
+          (Array.isArray(actual) && actual.length === 0) ||
+          (typeof actual === "object" && Object.keys(actual as object).length === 0);
+        if (expected !== isEmpty) return false;
+        break;
+      }
+      case "exists":
+        if (expected) {
+          if (actual === undefined) return false;
+        } else {
+          if (actual !== undefined) return false;
+        }
+        break;
+      case "gte":
+        if (!(Number(actual) >= (expected as number))) return false;
+        break;
+      case "lte":
+        if (!(Number(actual) <= (expected as number))) return false;
+        break;
+      case "gt":
+        if (!(Number(actual) > (expected as number))) return false;
+        break;
+      case "lt":
+        if (!(Number(actual) < (expected as number))) return false;
+        break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+export function checkExpectValue(actual: unknown, expected: ExpectValue): boolean {
+  if (isObject(expected)) {
+    return applyOperator(actual, expected as ExpectOperator);
+  }
+  return applyOperator(actual, { equals: expected as string | number | boolean | null });
+}
+
+function checkJsonRule(
+  body: string,
+  rule: JsonRule,
+  rulePath: string,
+): { matched: boolean; failure: CheckFailure | null } {
+  const { path, ...operators } = rule;
+  const fullPath = `${rulePath}.json(${path})`;
+
+  let json: unknown;
+  try {
+    json = JSON.parse(body);
+  } catch {
+    return {
+      matched: false,
+      failure: errorFailure("body", fullPath, "body is not valid JSON"),
+    };
+  }
+
+  const actual = evaluateJsonPath(json, path);
+  const opKeys = Object.keys(operators);
+
+  if (opKeys.length === 0) {
+    if (actual === undefined) {
+      return {
+        matched: false,
+        failure: mismatchFailure("body", fullPath, "defined", actual, `path ${path} is undefined`),
+      };
+    }
+    return { matched: true, failure: null };
+  }
+
+  const matched = applyOperator(actual, operators);
+  if (!matched) {
+    return {
+      matched: false,
+      failure: mismatchFailure("body", fullPath, operators, actual, `json path ${path} mismatch`),
+    };
+  }
+  return { matched: true, failure: null };
+}
+
+function checkCssRule(
+  body: string,
+  rule: CssRule,
+  rulePath: string,
+): { matched: boolean; failure: CheckFailure | null } {
+  const { selector, attr, ...operators } = rule;
+  const fullPath = `${rulePath}.css(${selector}${attr ? `@${attr}` : ""})`;
+
+  let $: cheerio.CheerioAPI;
+  try {
+    $ = cheerio.load(body);
+  } catch {
+    return {
+      matched: false,
+      failure: errorFailure("body", fullPath, "failed to parse HTML"),
+    };
+  }
+
+  const el = $(selector);
+  const opKeys = Object.keys(operators);
+
+  if (opKeys.length === 0) {
+    if (attr !== undefined) {
+      if (el.attr(attr) === undefined) {
+        return {
+          matched: false,
+          failure: mismatchFailure("body", fullPath, "attr present", undefined, `attribute ${attr} not found`),
+        };
+      }
+      return { matched: true, failure: null };
+    }
+    if (el.length === 0) {
+      return {
+        matched: false,
+        failure: mismatchFailure("body", fullPath, "element found", "no match", `selector ${selector} not found`),
+      };
+    }
+    return { matched: true, failure: null };
+  }
+
+  if (operators.exists === true) {
+    if (el.length === 0) {
+      return {
+        matched: false,
+        failure: mismatchFailure("body", fullPath, true, false, `selector ${selector} not found`),
+      };
+    }
+    return { matched: true, failure: null };
+  }
+  if (operators.exists === false) {
+    if (el.length > 0) {
+      return {
+        matched: false,
+        failure: mismatchFailure("body", fullPath, false, true, `selector ${selector} exists`),
+      };
+    }
+    return { matched: true, failure: null };
+  }
+
+  if (el.length === 0) {
+    return {
+      matched: false,
+      failure: mismatchFailure("body", fullPath, "element found", "no match", `selector ${selector} not found`),
+    };
+  }
+
+  const actual = attr ? el.attr(attr) : el.text();
+  const matched = applyOperator(actual ?? "", operators);
+  if (!matched) {
+    return {
+      matched: false,
+      failure: mismatchFailure("body", fullPath, operators, actual, `css selector ${selector} mismatch`),
+    };
+  }
+  return { matched: true, failure: null };
+}
+
+function checkXpathRule(
+  body: string,
+  rule: XpathRule,
+  rulePath: string,
+): { matched: boolean; failure: CheckFailure | null } {
+  const { path, ...operators } = rule;
+  const fullPath = `${rulePath}.xpath(${path})`;
+
+  let doc: ReturnType<DOMParser["parseFromString"]>;
+  try {
+    doc = new DOMParser().parseFromString(body, "text/xml");
+  } catch {
+    return {
+      matched: false,
+      failure: errorFailure("body", fullPath, "failed to parse XML/HTML"),
+    };
+  }
+
+  const nodes = xpath.select(path, doc as unknown as Node);
+  if (!nodes || !Array.isArray(nodes) || nodes.length === 0) {
+    return {
+      matched: false,
+      failure: mismatchFailure("body", fullPath, "node found", "no match", `xpath ${path} not found`),
+    };
+  }
+
+  const node = nodes[0]!;
+  const actual = node.nodeValue ?? (node as unknown as Element).textContent ?? "";
+  const opKeys = Object.keys(operators);
+
+  if (opKeys.length === 0) {
+    return { matched: true, failure: null };
+  }
+
+  const matched = applyOperator(actual, operators);
+  if (!matched) {
+    return {
+      matched: false,
+      failure: mismatchFailure("body", fullPath, operators, actual, `xpath ${path} mismatch`),
+    };
+  }
+  return { matched: true, failure: null };
+}
+
+function checkSingleBodyRule(
+  body: string,
+  rule: BodyRule,
+  index: number,
+): { matched: boolean; failure: CheckFailure | null } {
+  const rulePath = `body[${index}]`;
+
+  if ("contains" in rule) {
+    const matched = body.includes(rule.contains);
+    if (!matched) {
+      return {
+        matched: false,
+        failure: mismatchFailure("body", rulePath, rule.contains, body, `body does not contain "${rule.contains}"`),
+      };
+    }
+    return { matched: true, failure: null };
+  }
+
+  if ("regex" in rule) {
+    const matched = new RegExp(rule.regex).test(body);
+    if (!matched) {
+      return {
+        matched: false,
+        failure: mismatchFailure("body", rulePath, `/${rule.regex}/`, body, `body does not match /${rule.regex}/`),
+      };
+    }
+    return { matched: true, failure: null };
+  }
+
+  if ("json" in rule) {
+    return checkJsonRule(body, rule.json, rulePath);
+  }
+
+  if ("css" in rule) {
+    return checkCssRule(body, rule.css, rulePath);
+  }
+
+  if ("xpath" in rule) {
+    return checkXpathRule(body, rule.xpath, rulePath);
+  }
+
+  return { matched: true, failure: null };
+}
+
+export function checkBodyExpect(body: string, rules?: BodyRule[]): { matched: boolean; failure: CheckFailure | null } {
+  if (!rules || rules.length === 0) return { matched: true, failure: null };
+
+  for (let i = 0; i < rules.length; i++) {
+    const result = checkSingleBodyRule(body, rules[i]!, i);
+    if (!result.matched) return result;
+  }
+
+  return { matched: true, failure: null };
+}

src/server/checker/expect/command.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+import type { CheckFailure, CommandExpectConfig, TextRule } from "../types";
+import { applyOperator } from "./body";
+import { mismatchFailure } from "./failure";
+
+export interface CommandObservation {
+  exitCode: number;
+  stdout: string;
+  stderr: string;
+  durationMs: number;
+}
+
+function checkExitCode(obs: CommandObservation, allowed: number[]): { matched: boolean; failure: CheckFailure | null } {
+  if (!allowed.includes(obs.exitCode)) {
+    return {
+      matched: false,
+      failure: mismatchFailure(
+        "exitCode",
+        "exitCode",
+        allowed,
+        obs.exitCode,
+        `exitCode ${obs.exitCode} not in [${allowed}]`,
+      ),
+    };
+  }
+  return { matched: true, failure: null };
+}
+
+function checkDuration(
+  obs: CommandObservation,
+  maxDurationMs?: number,
+): { matched: boolean; failure: CheckFailure | null } {
+  if (maxDurationMs === undefined) return { matched: true, failure: null };
+  if (obs.durationMs > maxDurationMs) {
+    return {
+      matched: false,
+      failure: mismatchFailure(
+        "duration",
+        "duration",
+        `<=${maxDurationMs}ms`,
+        obs.durationMs,
+        `duration ${obs.durationMs}ms > ${maxDurationMs}ms`,
+      ),
+    };
+  }
+  return { matched: true, failure: null };
+}
+
+function checkTextRules(
+  text: string,
+  rules: TextRule[],
+  phase: "stdout" | "stderr",
+): { matched: boolean; failure: CheckFailure | null } {
+  for (let i = 0; i < rules.length; i++) {
+    const rule = rules[i]!;
+    const path = `${phase}[${i}]`;
+    if (!applyOperator(text, rule)) {
+      return {
+        matched: false,
+        failure: mismatchFailure(phase, path, rule, text, `${phase} rule at index ${i} mismatch`),
+      };
+    }
+  }
+  return { matched: true, failure: null };
+}
+
+export function checkCommandExpect(
+  obs: CommandObservation,
+  expect?: CommandExpectConfig,
+): { matched: boolean; failure: CheckFailure | null } {
+  if (!expect) {
+    return checkExitCode(obs, [0]);
+  }
+
+  const exitCodeResult = checkExitCode(obs, expect.exitCode ?? [0]);
+  if (!exitCodeResult.matched) return exitCodeResult;
+
+  const durationResult = checkDuration(obs, expect.maxDurationMs);
+  if (!durationResult.matched) return durationResult;
+
+  if (expect.stdout && expect.stdout.length > 0) {
+    const stdoutResult = checkTextRules(obs.stdout, expect.stdout, "stdout");
+    if (!stdoutResult.matched) return stdoutResult;
+  }
+
+  if (expect.stderr && expect.stderr.length > 0) {
+    const stderrResult = checkTextRules(obs.stderr, expect.stderr, "stderr");
+    if (!stderrResult.matched) return stderrResult;
+  }
+
+  return { matched: true, failure: null };
+}

src/server/checker/expect/failure.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import type { CheckFailure } from "../types";
+
+export function truncateActual(value: unknown, maxLen = 200): unknown {
+  if (value === undefined || value === null) return value;
+  const str = String(value);
+  if (str.length <= maxLen) return value;
+  return str.slice(0, maxLen) + "...";
+}
+
+export function mismatchFailure(
+  phase: CheckFailure["phase"],
+  path: string,
+  expected: unknown,
+  actual: unknown,
+  message: string,
+): CheckFailure {
+  return {
+    kind: "mismatch",
+    phase,
+    path,
+    expected,
+    actual: truncateActual(actual),
+    message,
+  };
+}
+
+export function errorFailure(phase: CheckFailure["phase"], path: string, message: string): CheckFailure {
+  return {
+    kind: "error",
+    phase,
+    path,
+    message,
+  };
+}

src/server/checker/expect/http.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+import type { BodyRule, CheckFailure, HeaderExpect, HttpExpectConfig } from "../types";
+import { checkBodyExpect } from "./body";
+import { applyOperator } from "./body";
+import { mismatchFailure, errorFailure } from "./failure";
+
+export interface HttpObservation {
+  statusCode: number;
+  headers: Record<string, string>;
+  body: string | null;
+  durationMs: number;
+}
+
+function checkStatus(obs: HttpObservation, allowed: number[]): { matched: boolean; failure: CheckFailure | null } {
+  if (!allowed.includes(obs.statusCode)) {
+    return {
+      matched: false,
+      failure: mismatchFailure(
+        "status",
+        "status",
+        allowed,
+        obs.statusCode,
+        `status ${obs.statusCode} not in [${allowed}]`,
+      ),
+    };
+  }
+  return { matched: true, failure: null };
+}
+
+function checkDuration(
+  obs: HttpObservation,
+  maxDurationMs?: number,
+): { matched: boolean; failure: CheckFailure | null } {
+  if (maxDurationMs === undefined) return { matched: true, failure: null };
+  if (obs.durationMs > maxDurationMs) {
+    return {
+      matched: false,
+      failure: mismatchFailure(
+        "duration",
+        "duration",
+        `<=${maxDurationMs}ms`,
+        obs.durationMs,
+        `duration ${obs.durationMs}ms > ${maxDurationMs}ms`,
+      ),
+    };
+  }
+  return { matched: true, failure: null };
+}
+
+function checkHeaders(
+  obs: HttpObservation,
+  headerExpects?: Record<string, HeaderExpect>,
+): { matched: boolean; failure: CheckFailure | null } {
+  if (!headerExpects) return { matched: true, failure: null };
+
+  for (const [key, expected] of Object.entries(headerExpects)) {
+    const actualValue = obs.headers[key.toLowerCase()];
+    const path = `headers.${key}`;
+
+    if (typeof expected === "string") {
+      if (actualValue !== expected) {
+        return {
+          matched: false,
+          failure: mismatchFailure("headers", path, expected, actualValue, `header ${key} mismatch`),
+        };
+      }
+    } else {
+      if (actualValue === undefined) {
+        if (expected.exists !== false) {
+          return {
+            matched: false,
+            failure: mismatchFailure("headers", path, "defined", undefined, `header ${key} not found`),
+          };
+        }
+        continue;
+      }
+      if (!applyOperator(actualValue, expected)) {
+        return {
+          matched: false,
+          failure: mismatchFailure("headers", path, expected, actualValue, `header ${key} mismatch`),
+        };
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return { matched: true, failure: null };
+}
+
+function checkBody(obs: HttpObservation, bodyRules?: BodyRule[]): { matched: boolean; failure: CheckFailure | null } {
+  if (!bodyRules || bodyRules.length === 0) return { matched: true, failure: null };
+
+  if (obs.body === null) {
+    return {
+      matched: false,
+      failure: errorFailure("body", "body", "body is null but body rules are configured"),
+    };
+  }
+
+  return checkBodyExpect(obs.body, bodyRules);
+}
+
+export function checkHttpExpect(
+  obs: HttpObservation,
+  expect?: HttpExpectConfig,
+): { matched: boolean; failure: CheckFailure | null } {
+  if (!expect) {
+    return checkStatus(obs, [200]);
+  }
+
+  const statusResult = checkStatus(obs, expect.status ?? [200]);
+  if (!statusResult.matched) return statusResult;
+
+  const durationResult = checkDuration(obs, expect.maxDurationMs);
+  if (!durationResult.matched) return durationResult;
+
+  const headersResult = checkHeaders(obs, expect.headers);
+  if (!headersResult.matched) return headersResult;
+
+  const bodyResult = checkBody(obs, expect.body);
+  if (!bodyResult.matched) return bodyResult;
+
+  return { matched: true, failure: null };
+}

src/server/checker/fetcher.ts

@@ -1,52 +1,6 @@
-import type { CheckResult, ExpectConfig, ResolvedTarget } from "./types";
-import { checkBodyExpect } from "./body-expect";
-
-export async function fetchTarget(target: ResolvedTarget): Promise<CheckResult> {
-  const timestamp = new Date().toISOString();
-  const controller = new AbortController();
-  const timeoutId = setTimeout(() => controller.abort(), target.timeoutMs);
-
-  try {
-    const start = performance.now();
-
-    const response = await fetch(target.url, {
-      method: target.method,
-      headers: target.headers,
-      body: target.method !== "GET" && target.method !== "HEAD" ? target.body : undefined,
-      signal: controller.signal,
-    });
-
-    const latencyMs = Math.round(performance.now() - start);
-    const body = await response.text();
-    const responseHeaders = headersToRecord(response.headers);
-
-    const matched = checkExpect(response.status, body, latencyMs, responseHeaders, target.expect);
-
-    return {
-      targetName: target.name,
-      timestamp,
-      success: true,
-      statusCode: response.status,
-      latencyMs,
-      error: null,
-      matched,
-    };
-  } catch (error) {
-    const isTimeout = error instanceof DOMException && error.name === "AbortError";
-
-    return {
-      targetName: target.name,
-      timestamp,
-      success: false,
-      statusCode: null,
-      latencyMs: null,
-      error: isTimeout ? `请求超时 (${target.timeoutMs}ms)` : error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error),
-      matched: false,
-    };
-  } finally {
-    clearTimeout(timeoutId);
-  }
-}
+import type { CheckResult, ResolvedHttpTarget } from "./types";
+import { checkHttpExpect } from "./expect/http";
+import { errorFailure } from "./expect/failure";
 
 function headersToRecord(headers: Headers): Record<string, string> {
   const result: Record<string, string> = {};
@@ -56,35 +10,95 @@ function headersToRecord(headers: Headers): Record<string, string> {
   return result;
 }
 
-export function checkExpect(
-  statusCode: number,
-  body: string,
-  latencyMs: number,
-  responseHeaders: Record<string, string>,
-  expect?: ExpectConfig,
-): boolean {
-  if (!expect) return true;
+export async function runHttpCheck(target: ResolvedHttpTarget): Promise<CheckResult> {
+  const timestamp = new Date().toISOString();
+  const controller = new AbortController();
+  const timeoutId = setTimeout(() => controller.abort(), target.timeoutMs);
 
-  if (expect.status && !expect.status.includes(statusCode)) {
-    return false;
-  }
+  try {
+    const start = performance.now();
 
-  if (expect.headers) {
-    for (const [key, expectedValue] of Object.entries(expect.headers)) {
-      const actualValue = responseHeaders[key.toLowerCase()];
-      if (!actualValue || actualValue !== expectedValue) {
-        return false;
-      }
+    const response = await fetch(target.http.url, {
+      method: target.http.method,
+      headers: target.http.headers,
+      body: target.http.method !== "GET" && target.http.method !== "HEAD" ? target.http.body : undefined,
+      signal: controller.signal,
+    });
+
+    const durationMs = Math.round(performance.now() - start);
+    const statusCode = response.status;
+    const responseHeaders = headersToRecord(response.headers);
+
+    const hasBodyRules = !!(target.expect?.body && target.expect.body.length > 0);
+
+    const preBodyExpect = target.expect
+      ? { status: target.expect.status, maxDurationMs: target.expect.maxDurationMs, headers: target.expect.headers }
+      : undefined;
+
+    const preBodyObs = { statusCode, headers: responseHeaders, body: null as string | null, durationMs };
+    const preBodyResult = checkHttpExpect(preBodyObs, preBodyExpect);
+
+    if (!hasBodyRules || !preBodyResult.matched) {
+      clearTimeout(timeoutId);
+      return {
+        targetName: target.name,
+        timestamp,
+        success: preBodyResult.matched,
+        matched: preBodyResult.matched,
+        durationMs,
+        statusDetail: `HTTP ${statusCode}`,
+        failure: preBodyResult.failure,
+      };
     }
-  }
 
-  if (!checkBodyExpect(body, expect.body)) {
-    return false;
-  }
+    const bodyBuffer = await response.arrayBuffer();
+    clearTimeout(timeoutId);
 
-  if (expect.maxLatencyMs !== undefined && latencyMs > expect.maxLatencyMs) {
-    return false;
-  }
+    if (bodyBuffer.byteLength > target.http.maxBodyBytes) {
+      return {
+        targetName: target.name,
+        timestamp,
+        success: false,
+        matched: false,
+        durationMs,
+        statusDetail: `HTTP ${statusCode}`,
+        failure: errorFailure(
+          "body",
+          "body",
+          `响应体大小 ${bodyBuffer.byteLength} 超过限制 ${target.http.maxBodyBytes}`,
+        ),
+      };
+    }
 
-  return true;
+    const body = new TextDecoder().decode(bodyBuffer);
+    const fullObs = { statusCode, headers: responseHeaders, body, durationMs };
+    const fullResult = checkHttpExpect(fullObs, target.expect);
+
+    return {
+      targetName: target.name,
+      timestamp,
+      success: fullResult.matched,
+      matched: fullResult.matched,
+      durationMs,
+      statusDetail: `HTTP ${statusCode}`,
+      failure: fullResult.failure,
+    };
+  } catch (error) {
+    clearTimeout(timeoutId);
+    const isTimeout = error instanceof DOMException && error.name === "AbortError";
+
+    return {
+      targetName: target.name,
+      timestamp,
+      success: false,
+      matched: false,
+      durationMs: null,
+      statusDetail: null,
+      failure: errorFailure(
+        "status",
+        "request",
+        isTimeout ? `请求超时 (${target.timeoutMs}ms)` : error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error),
+      ),
+    };
+  }
 }

src/server/checker/size.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+const SIZE_REGEX = /^(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)(B|KB|MB|GB)$/;
+
+export function parseSize(value: string | number): number {
+  if (typeof value === "number") return value;
+
+  const match = SIZE_REGEX.exec(value);
+  if (!match) {
+    throw new Error(`无效的 size 格式: "${value}"，支持格式如 "100MB"、"512KB"、"1GB"、"1024B"`);
+  }
+
+  const num = parseFloat(match[1]!);
+  const unit = match[2]!;
+
+  if (unit === "B") return num;
+  if (unit === "KB") return num * 1024;
+  if (unit === "MB") return num * 1024 * 1024;
+  return num * 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
+}
+
+export const DEFAULT_MAX_BODY_BYTES = parseSize("100MB");
+export const DEFAULT_MAX_OUTPUT_BYTES = parseSize("100MB");
+export const DEFAULT_MAX_CONCURRENT_CHECKS = 20;

src/server/checker/store.ts

@@ -1,16 +1,15 @@
 import { Database } from "bun:sqlite";
 import { mkdirSync as fsMkdirSync } from "node:fs";
 import { dirname } from "node:path";
-import type { ResolvedTarget, StoredCheckResult, StoredTarget } from "./types";
+import type { CheckFailure, ResolvedTarget, StoredCheckResult, StoredTarget } from "./types";
 
 const CREATE_TARGETS_TABLE = `
 CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS targets (
   id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
   name TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
-  url TEXT NOT NULL,
-  method TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'GET',
-  headers TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '{}',
-  body TEXT,
+  type TEXT NOT NULL,
+  target TEXT NOT NULL,
+  config TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '{}',
   interval_ms INTEGER NOT NULL,
   timeout_ms INTEGER NOT NULL,
   expect TEXT
@@ -23,10 +22,10 @@ CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS check_results (
   target_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
   timestamp TEXT NOT NULL,
   success INTEGER NOT NULL,
-  status_code INTEGER,
-  latency_ms REAL,
-  error TEXT,
   matched INTEGER NOT NULL,
+  duration_ms REAL,
+  status_detail TEXT,
+  failure TEXT,
   FOREIGN KEY (target_id) REFERENCES targets(id)
 )
 `;
@@ -59,40 +58,24 @@ export class ProbeStore {
     const configNames = new Set(targets.map((t) => t.name));
 
     const insertStmt = this.db.prepare(
-      "INSERT INTO targets (name, url, method, headers, body, interval_ms, timeout_ms, expect) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)",
+      "INSERT INTO targets (name, type, target, config, interval_ms, timeout_ms, expect) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)",
     );
     const updateStmt = this.db.prepare(
-      "UPDATE targets SET url = ?, method = ?, headers = ?, body = ?, interval_ms = ?, timeout_ms = ?, expect = ? WHERE id = ?",
+      "UPDATE targets SET type = ?, target = ?, config = ?, interval_ms = ?, timeout_ms = ?, expect = ? WHERE id = ?",
     );
     const deleteStmt = this.db.prepare("DELETE FROM targets WHERE id = ?");
 
     const tx = this.db.transaction(() => {
-      for (const target of targets) {
-        const headers = JSON.stringify(target.headers);
-        const expect = target.expect ? JSON.stringify(target.expect) : null;
+      for (const t of targets) {
+        const type = t.type;
+        const target = buildTargetDisplay(t);
+        const config = buildTargetConfig(t);
+        const expect = t.expect ? JSON.stringify(t.expect) : null;
 
-        if (existingMap.has(target.name)) {
-          updateStmt.run(
-            target.url,
-            target.method,
-            headers,
-            target.body ?? null,
-            target.intervalMs,
-            target.timeoutMs,
-            expect,
-            existingMap.get(target.name)!,
-          );
+        if (existingMap.has(t.name)) {
+          updateStmt.run(type, target, config, t.intervalMs, t.timeoutMs, expect, existingMap.get(t.name)!);
         } else {
-          insertStmt.run(
-            target.name,
-            target.url,
-            target.method,
-            headers,
-            target.body ?? null,
-            target.intervalMs,
-            target.timeoutMs,
-            expect,
-          );
+          insertStmt.run(t.name, type, target, config, t.intervalMs, t.timeoutMs, expect);
         }
       }
 
@@ -120,24 +103,24 @@ export class ProbeStore {
     targetId: number;
     timestamp: string;
     success: boolean;
-    statusCode: number | null;
-    latencyMs: number | null;
-    error: string | null;
     matched: boolean;
+    durationMs: number | null;
+    statusDetail: string | null;
+    failure: CheckFailure | null;
   }): void {
     if (this.closed) return;
     this.db
       .prepare(
-        "INSERT INTO check_results (target_id, timestamp, success, status_code, latency_ms, error, matched) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)",
+        "INSERT INTO check_results (target_id, timestamp, success, matched, duration_ms, status_detail, failure) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)",
       )
       .run(
         result.targetId,
         result.timestamp,
         result.success ? 1 : 0,
-        result.statusCode,
-        result.latencyMs,
-        result.error,
         result.matched ? 1 : 0,
+        result.durationMs,
+        result.statusDetail,
+        result.failure ? JSON.stringify(result.failure) : null,
       );
   }
 
@@ -156,30 +139,30 @@ export class ProbeStore {
   getTargetStats(targetId: number): {
     totalChecks: number;
     availability: number;
-    avgLatencyMs: number | null;
-    p99LatencyMs: number | null;
+    avgDurationMs: number | null;
+    p99DurationMs: number | null;
   } {
     const row = this.db
       .prepare(
         `SELECT
           COUNT(*) as totalChecks,
           COALESCE(SUM(CASE WHEN matched = 1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END), 0) as upCount,
-          AVG(CASE WHEN success = 1 THEN latency_ms END) as avgLatencyMs
+          AVG(CASE WHEN success = 1 THEN duration_ms END) as avgDurationMs
         FROM check_results
         WHERE target_id = ?`,
       )
-      .get(targetId) as { totalChecks: number; upCount: number; avgLatencyMs: number | null };
+      .get(targetId) as { totalChecks: number; upCount: number; avgDurationMs: number | null };
 
     const p99Row = this.db
       .prepare(
-        `SELECT latency_ms as p99LatencyMs
+        `SELECT duration_ms as p99DurationMs
         FROM check_results
         WHERE target_id = ? AND success = 1
-        ORDER BY latency_ms DESC
+        ORDER BY duration_ms DESC
         LIMIT 1
         OFFSET (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM check_results WHERE target_id = ? AND success = 1) * 99 / 100`,
       )
-      .get(targetId, targetId) as { p99LatencyMs: number | null } | undefined;
+      .get(targetId, targetId) as { p99DurationMs: number | null } | undefined;
 
     const totalChecks = row.totalChecks;
     const availability = totalChecks > 0 ? (row.upCount / totalChecks) * 100 : 0;
@@ -187,8 +170,8 @@ export class ProbeStore {
     return {
       totalChecks,
       availability: Math.round(availability * 100) / 100,
-      avgLatencyMs: row.avgLatencyMs !== null ? Math.round(row.avgLatencyMs * 100) / 100 : null,
-      p99LatencyMs: p99Row?.p99LatencyMs ?? null,
+      avgDurationMs: row.avgDurationMs !== null ? Math.round(row.avgDurationMs * 100) / 100 : null,
+      p99DurationMs: p99Row?.p99DurationMs ?? null,
     };
   }
 
@@ -197,7 +180,7 @@ export class ProbeStore {
     hours = 24,
   ): Array<{
     hour: string;
-    avgLatencyMs: number | null;
+    avgDurationMs: number | null;
     availability: number;
     totalChecks: number;
   }> {
@@ -205,7 +188,7 @@ export class ProbeStore {
       .prepare(
         `SELECT
           strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:00:00', timestamp) as hour,
-          AVG(CASE WHEN success = 1 THEN latency_ms END) as avgLatencyMs,
+          AVG(CASE WHEN success = 1 THEN duration_ms END) as avgDurationMs,
           CASE WHEN COUNT(*) > 0 THEN (SUM(CASE WHEN matched = 1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) * 100.0 / COUNT(*)) ELSE 0 END as availability,
           COUNT(*) as totalChecks
         FROM check_results
@@ -215,7 +198,7 @@ export class ProbeStore {
       )
       .all(targetId, hours) as Array<{
       hour: string;
-      avgLatencyMs: number | null;
+      avgDurationMs: number | null;
       availability: number;
       totalChecks: number;
     }>;
@@ -225,14 +208,14 @@ export class ProbeStore {
     total: number;
     up: number;
     down: number;
-    avgLatencyMs: number | null;
+    avgDurationMs: number | null;
     lastCheckTime: string | null;
   } {
     const targets = this.getTargets();
     let up = 0;
     let down = 0;
-    let totalLatency = 0;
-    let latencyCount = 0;
+    let totalDuration = 0;
+    let durationCount = 0;
     let lastCheckTime: string | null = null;
 
     for (const target of targets) {
@@ -245,9 +228,9 @@ export class ProbeStore {
           down++;
         }
 
-        if (latest.latency_ms !== null) {
-          totalLatency += latest.latency_ms;
-          latencyCount++;
+        if (latest.duration_ms !== null) {
+          totalDuration += latest.duration_ms;
+          durationCount++;
         }
 
         if (!lastCheckTime || latest.timestamp > lastCheckTime) {
@@ -262,7 +245,7 @@ export class ProbeStore {
       total: targets.length,
       up,
       down,
-      avgLatencyMs: latencyCount > 0 ? Math.round((totalLatency / latencyCount) * 100) / 100 : null,
+      avgDurationMs: durationCount > 0 ? Math.round((totalDuration / durationCount) * 100) / 100 : null,
       lastCheckTime,
     };
   }
@@ -270,10 +253,10 @@ export class ProbeStore {
   getSparkline(targetId: number, limit = 20): number[] {
     const rows = this.db
       .prepare(
-        "SELECT latency_ms FROM check_results WHERE target_id = ? AND success = 1 ORDER BY timestamp DESC LIMIT ?",
+        "SELECT duration_ms FROM check_results WHERE target_id = ? AND success = 1 ORDER BY timestamp DESC LIMIT ?",
       )
-      .all(targetId, limit) as Array<{ latency_ms: number }>;
-    return rows.map((r) => r.latency_ms).reverse();
+      .all(targetId, limit) as Array<{ duration_ms: number }>;
+    return rows.map((r) => r.duration_ms).reverse();
   }
 
   close(): void {
@@ -282,6 +265,33 @@ export class ProbeStore {
   }
 }
 
+function buildTargetDisplay(t: ResolvedTarget): string {
+  if (t.type === "http") {
+    return t.http.url;
+  }
+  const parts = [t.command.exec, ...t.command.args];
+  return `exec ${parts.join(" ")}`;
+}
+
+function buildTargetConfig(t: ResolvedTarget): string {
+  if (t.type === "http") {
+    return JSON.stringify({
+      url: t.http.url,
+      method: t.http.method,
+      headers: t.http.headers,
+      body: t.http.body,
+      maxBodyBytes: t.http.maxBodyBytes,
+    });
+  }
+  return JSON.stringify({
+    exec: t.command.exec,
+    args: t.command.args,
+    cwd: t.command.cwd,
+    env: t.command.env,
+    maxOutputBytes: t.command.maxOutputBytes,
+  });
+}
+
 function ensureDir(dir: string): void {
   try {
     fsMkdirSync(dir, { recursive: true });

src/server/checker/types.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
+export type TargetType = "http" | "command";
+
 export interface ProbeConfig {
   server?: ServerConfig;
+  runtime?: RuntimeConfig;
   defaults?: DefaultsConfig;
   targets: TargetConfig[];
 }
@@ -10,19 +13,49 @@ export interface ServerConfig {
   dataDir?: string;
 }
 
+export interface RuntimeConfig {
+  maxConcurrentChecks?: number;
+}
+
+export interface HttpDefaultsConfig {
+  method?: string;
+  headers?: Record<string, string>;
+  maxBodyBytes?: string;
+}
+
+export interface CommandDefaultsConfig {
+  cwd?: string;
+  maxOutputBytes?: string;
+}
+
 export interface DefaultsConfig {
   interval?: string;
   timeout?: string;
-  method?: string;
-  headers?: Record<string, string>;
+  http?: HttpDefaultsConfig;
+  command?: CommandDefaultsConfig;
 }
 
-export interface TargetConfig {
-  name: string;
+export interface HttpTargetConfig {
   url: string;
   method?: string;
   headers?: Record<string, string>;
   body?: string;
+  maxBodyBytes?: string;
+}
+
+export interface CommandTargetConfig {
+  exec: string;
+  args?: string[];
+  cwd?: string;
+  env?: Record<string, string>;
+  maxOutputBytes?: string;
+}
+
+export type TargetConfig = BaseTargetConfig &
+  ({ type: "http"; http: HttpTargetConfig } | { type: "command"; command: CommandTargetConfig });
+
+interface BaseTargetConfig {
+  name: string;
   interval?: string;
   timeout?: string;
   expect?: ExpectConfig;
@@ -42,51 +75,100 @@ export interface ExpectOperator {
 
 export type ExpectValue = string | number | boolean | null | ExpectOperator;
 
-export type CssExpect = ExpectValue | (ExpectOperator & { attr?: string });
+export type TextRule = ExpectOperator;
 
-export interface BodyExpectConfig {
-  contains?: string;
-  regex?: string;
-  json?: Record<string, ExpectValue>;
-  css?: Record<string, CssExpect>;
-  xpath?: Record<string, ExpectValue>;
-}
+export type JsonRule = { path: string } & ExpectOperator;
 
-export interface ExpectConfig {
+export type CssRule = { selector: string; attr?: string } & ExpectOperator;
+
+export type XpathRule = { path: string } & ExpectOperator;
+
+export type BodyRule =
+  | { contains: string }
+  | { regex: string }
+  | { json: JsonRule }
+  | { css: CssRule }
+  | { xpath: XpathRule };
+
+export type HeaderExpect = string | ExpectOperator;
+
+export interface HttpExpectConfig {
   status?: number[];
-  maxLatencyMs?: number;
-  headers?: Record<string, string>;
-  body?: BodyExpectConfig;
+  maxDurationMs?: number;
+  headers?: Record<string, HeaderExpect>;
+  body?: BodyRule[];
 }
 
-export interface ResolvedTarget {
+export interface CommandExpectConfig {
+  exitCode?: number[];
+  maxDurationMs?: number;
+  stdout?: TextRule[];
+  stderr?: TextRule[];
+}
+
+export type ExpectConfig = HttpExpectConfig | CommandExpectConfig;
+
+export interface ResolvedHttpTarget {
+  type: "http";
   name: string;
+  http: ResolvedHttpConfig;
+  intervalMs: number;
+  timeoutMs: number;
+  expect?: HttpExpectConfig;
+}
+
+export interface ResolvedHttpConfig {
   url: string;
   method: string;
   headers: Record<string, string>;
   body?: string;
+  maxBodyBytes: number;
+}
+
+export interface ResolvedCommandTarget {
+  type: "command";
+  name: string;
+  command: ResolvedCommandConfig;
   intervalMs: number;
   timeoutMs: number;
-  expect?: ExpectConfig;
+  expect?: CommandExpectConfig;
+}
+
+export interface ResolvedCommandConfig {
+  exec: string;
+  args: string[];
+  cwd: string;
+  env: Record<string, string>;
+  maxOutputBytes: number;
+}
+
+export type ResolvedTarget = ResolvedHttpTarget | ResolvedCommandTarget;
+
+export interface CheckFailure {
+  kind: "error" | "mismatch";
+  phase: "status" | "duration" | "headers" | "body" | "exitCode" | "stdout" | "stderr";
+  path: string;
+  expected?: unknown;
+  actual?: unknown;
+  message: string;
 }
 
 export interface CheckResult {
   targetName: string;
   timestamp: string;
   success: boolean;
-  statusCode: number | null;
-  latencyMs: number | null;
-  error: string | null;
   matched: boolean;
+  durationMs: number | null;
+  statusDetail: string | null;
+  failure: CheckFailure | null;
 }
 
 export interface StoredTarget {
   id: number;
   name: string;
-  url: string;
-  method: string;
-  headers: string;
-  body: string | null;
+  type: TargetType;
+  target: string;
+  config: string;
   interval_ms: number;
   timeout_ms: number;
   expect: string | null;
@@ -97,8 +179,8 @@ export interface StoredCheckResult {
   target_id: number;
   timestamp: string;
   success: number;
-  status_code: number | null;
-  latency_ms: number | null;
-  error: string | null;
   matched: number;
+  duration_ms: number | null;
+  status_detail: string | null;
+  failure: string | null;
 }