diff --git a/tests/helpers/cleanup.test.ts b/tests/helpers/cleanup.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e9c0860
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/helpers/cleanup.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+import { describe, it, expect, mock, beforeEach, afterEach } from "bun:test";
+import { mkdir, access, rm } from "node:fs/promises";
+import { join } from "node:path";
+
+const TMP_DIR = join(import.meta.dir, "__tmp_cleanup_test__");
+
+async function dirExists(path: string): Promise<boolean> {
+  try {
+    await access(path);
+    return true;
+  } catch {
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
+describe("retryRm", () => {
+  describe("正常删除", () => {
+    afterEach(async () => {
+      if (await dirExists(TMP_DIR)) {
+        await rm(TMP_DIR, { recursive: true, force: true });
+      }
+    });
+
+    it("删除存在的目录", async () => {
+      const { retryRm } = await import("./cleanup.ts");
+      await mkdir(TMP_DIR, { recursive: true });
+      await retryRm(TMP_DIR);
+      expect(await dirExists(TMP_DIR)).toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    it("删除不存在的路径不报错（force:true）", async () => {
+      const { retryRm } = await import("./cleanup.ts");
+      const nonExist = join(import.meta.dir, "__non_exist__");
+      await expect(retryRm(nonExist)).resolves.toBeUndefined();
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("EBUSY 重试后成功", () => {
+    let callCount: number;
+
+    beforeEach(() => {
+      callCount = 0;
+      mock.module("node:fs/promises", () => ({
+        rm: mock(async () => {
+          callCount++;
+          if (callCount === 1) {
+            const err: any = new Error("EBUSY");
+            err.code = "EBUSY";
+            throw err;
+          }
+        }),
+      }));
+    });
+
+    afterEach(() => {
+      mock.restore();
+    });
+
+    it("EBUSY 后重试成功", async () => {
+      const { retryRm } = await import("./cleanup.ts");
+      await retryRm("/some/path", { maxRetries: 3, baseDelay: 10 });
+      expect(callCount).toBe(2);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("重试耗尽后抛出错误", () => {
+    let callCount: number;
+
+    beforeEach(() => {
+      callCount = 0;
+      mock.module("node:fs/promises", () => ({
+        rm: mock(async () => {
+          callCount++;
+          const err: any = new Error("EBUSY");
+          err.code = "EBUSY";
+          throw err;
+        }),
+      }));
+    });
+
+    afterEach(() => {
+      mock.restore();
+    });
+
+    it("maxRetries 耗尽后抛出最后一个错误", async () => {
+      const { retryRm } = await import("./cleanup.ts");
+      await expect(retryRm("/some/path", { maxRetries: 2, baseDelay: 10 })).rejects.toThrow(
+        "EBUSY",
+      );
+      expect(callCount).toBe(3);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("非 EBUSY/EPERM 错误不重试", () => {
+    let callCount: number;
+
+    beforeEach(() => {
+      callCount = 0;
+      mock.module("node:fs/promises", () => ({
+        rm: mock(async () => {
+          callCount++;
+          const err: any = new Error("ENOENT: no such file or directory");
+          err.code = "ENOENT";
+          throw err;
+        }),
+      }));
+    });
+
+    afterEach(() => {
+      mock.restore();
+    });
+
+    it("ENOENT 错误直接抛出不重试", async () => {
+      const { retryRm } = await import("./cleanup.ts");
+      await expect(retryRm("/some/path")).rejects.toThrow("ENOENT");
+      expect(callCount).toBe(1);
+    });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/tests/helpers/cleanup.ts b/tests/helpers/cleanup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..891e187
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/helpers/cleanup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import { rm } from "node:fs/promises";
+
+const RETRY_CODES = new Set(["EBUSY", "EPERM"]);
+
+export async function retryRm(
+  path: string,
+  { maxRetries = 5, baseDelay = 100 }: { maxRetries?: number; baseDelay?: number } = {},
+): Promise<void> {
+  for (let attempt = 0; attempt <= maxRetries; attempt++) {
+    try {
+      await rm(path, { recursive: true, force: true });
+      return;
+    } catch (err: any) {
+      if (!RETRY_CODES.has(err.code) || attempt === maxRetries) {
+        throw err;
+      }
+      const delay = baseDelay * 2 ** attempt;
+      await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, delay));
+    }
+  }
+}