diff --git a/src/core/config.ts b/src/core/config.ts
index 57c4e82..e4d3a00 100644
--- a/src/core/config.ts
+++ b/src/core/config.ts
@@ -25,12 +25,9 @@ export async function loadConfig(projectRoot: string): Promise<RuneConfig> {
   try {
     const content = await readFile(configPath, "utf-8");
     const userConfig = parseYaml(content) as Partial<RuneConfig> | null;
-    if (!userConfig?.stages) {
-      return structuredClone(defaultConfig);
-    }
-    return mergeConfig(userConfig);
+    return mergeConfig(userConfig ?? {});
   } catch {
-    return structuredClone(defaultConfig);
+    return mergeConfig({});
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/tests/core/config.test.ts b/tests/core/config.test.ts
index b68a1b0..eb770e3 100644
--- a/tests/core/config.test.ts
+++ b/tests/core/config.test.ts
@@ -75,6 +75,17 @@ describe("loadConfig", () => {
     expect(config.stages.plan!.documents[0].name).toBe("spec");
   });
 
+  it("空配置 stages: {} 时返回完整默认配置", async () => {
+    const runeDir = join(TMP_DIR, ".rune");
+    await mkdir(runeDir, { recursive: true });
+    await writeFile(join(runeDir, "config.yaml"), "stages: {}");
+    const config = await loadConfig(TMP_DIR);
+    expect(config.stages.discuss).toBeDefined();
+    expect(config.stages.plan).toBeDefined();
+    expect(config.stages.build).toBeDefined();
+    expect(config.stages.archive).toBeDefined();
+  });
+
   it("YAML 解析错误时返回默认配置", async () => {
     const runeDir = join(TMP_DIR, ".rune");
     await mkdir(runeDir, { recursive: true });